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USS Astoria (CA-34)
The second USS ''Astoria'' (CL/CA-34) was a United States Navy that participated in both the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway, but was then sunk in August 1942 at the Battle of Savo Island. Originally, ''Astoria'' was the lead ship of the ''Astoria''-class of cruisers, as she was the first ship of that class to be laid down, but received a hull number higher than because she was launched second. Early in 1943, after ''Astoria'' had been sunk, the remaining ships of this class were refit and reclassified.
Immediately following the Guadalcanal Campaign the remaining ships of the class would go through major overhauls to lessen top-heaviness due to new electrical and radar systems and advanced anti-aircraft weaponry. In doing so the ships took on a new appearance, most notably in the bridge, becoming known as the ''New Orleans''-class.
==Construction and commissioning==
''Astoria'' was laid down on 1 September 1930 at the Puget Sound Navy Yard. Such ships, with a limit of 10,000 tons standard displacement and 8-inch calibre main guns may be referred to as "treaty cruisers." Originally classified a light cruiser, because of her thin armor, she was reclassified, after being laid down, a heavy cruiser, because of her 8-inch guns. The term "heavy cruiser" was not defined until the London Naval Treaty in 1930. Launched on 16 December 1933, sponsored by Miss Leila C. McKay (a descendant of Alexander McKay, a member of the John Jacob Astor expedition that founded Astoria, Oregon), and commissioned on 28 April 1934, Captain Edmund S. Root in command.
During the summer of 1934, ''Astoria'' conducted a lengthy shake-down cruise in the course of which she voyaged extensively in the Pacific. In addition to the Hawaiian Islands, the heavy cruiser also visited Samoa, Fiji, Sydney Australia, and Nouméa on the island of New Caledonia. She returned to San Francisco on 26 September 1934.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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